פורחים מאוחר

מחקר פורץ דרך על הגשמה ומימוש עצמי בגיל מאוחר

ויתרונותיהם הגדולים להשגת הצלחה ואושר

אנו חיים בחברה שבה ילדים והוריהם שואפים באובססיביות להצלחה מהירה בגיל צעיר, החל ברדיפה אחר ציון גבוה בבחינה הפסיכומטרית, דרך קבלה לאוניברסיטה נחשבת, וכלה בהשגת משרה בגוגל או בפייסבוק, או הקמת סטארט-אפ שעשוי להפוך לחד-קרן הבא. אנחנו רואים מתכנתים נהפכים למיליונרים לפני גיל שלושים, ומרגישים שנכשלנו אם לא הצלחנו להגיע לאותה רמת הישגים.

מנגד, הפורחים מאוחר מוערכים פחות בחברה שלנו מצד אנשי חינוך, מעסיקים, ואפילו מצד הוריהם. ואולם המציאות מוכיחה שרובנו פורחים מאוחר ולא מתחילים את חיינו בזינוק אדיר מן המקפצה. כך קרה לריץ' קרלגארד, מחבר ספר זה, שסיים את לימודיו באוניברסיטת סטנפורד (אליה התקבל לגמרי במקרה) בציונים בינוניים. מיד עם תום לימודיו החל קרלגארד לעבוד כשוטף כלים, כשומר לילה, וככתבן במשרה זמנית, עד שהצליח לגייס את המוטיבציה והכוחות הפנימיים שאפשרו לו לייסד מגזין הייטק בעמק הסיליקון, ובסופו של דבר להיות המוציא לאור של כתב העת "פורבס". כך קרה לדיטריך מאטשיץ, שלימודיו במכללה נמשכו עשר שנים ובגיל 40 ייסד חברת משקאות קטנה בשם "רד בול". כך קרה גם לשחקן התיאטרון הקהילתי, מורגן פרימן, שבגיל 52 קיבל את ההזדמנות הראשונה שלו בהוליווד בסרט "הנהג של מיס דייזי". וכך קרה לריי קרוק, איש מכירות של מכונות מילקשייק, שבגיל 53 פתח את הסניף הראשון של מסעדת מזון מהיר קטנה בשם "מקדונלד'ס".

קיים הסבר מדעי לעובדה שכה רבים מאיתנו מבשילים רק בשלב מאוחר בחיים. התפקוד הניהולי של מוחנו אינו מתפתח במלואו עד לגיל 25, ואצל חלקנו זה קורה אף בגיל מאוחר יותר. למעשה, יכולותיו של מוחנו מגיעות למיצוי מלא בגיל שונה אצל כל אחד ואחת מאיתנו. בשונה מן התפיסה המקובלת אנו נהנים ממספר תקופות פריחה בחיינו, כאשר הפורחים מאוחר זוכים ביתרונות ניכרים במהלך גילוי דרכם בחיים. יתרונות אלה באים לידי ביטוי ביכולת עמידות גבוהה, בתבונה, בסקרנות ובניסיון רב.

בהסתמכו על שנות מחקר רבות, ניסיונו האישי וראיונות שערך עם מדעני מוח, פסיכולוגים ואינספור אנשים המצויים בשלבים שונים של הקריירה המקצועית שלהם, חושף קרלגארד בספרו פורחים מאוחר כיצד ומתי אנו מגיעים למימוש מלא של הפוטנציאל שלנו.

"המסר הבסיסי, שעלינו לשקול לוח זמנים נדיב יותר להתפתחות אנושית, הוא מסר משכנע."

– Financial Times

"מה שיוגי ברה אמר על בייסבול, 'זה לא נגמר עד שזה נגמר,' נכון לגבי החיים, ופורחים מאוחר הוא ההוכחה האולטימטיבית לכך... זהו ספר שצריך לשמור."

– פורבס

"פורחים מאוחר דיבר אלי עמוקות כהורה לשני בני דור המילניום וכמאמן של תלמידי קולג'. זוהי קריאת הרגעה לחרדה שהם חשים, ספר מבוסס עובדות שיעזור לכולנו פשוט להירגע."

רובין וולאנר, Parenting Magazine

ריץ' קרלגארד - Rich Karlgaard

ריץ' קרלגארד הוא המוציא לאור והעתידן של מגזין "פורבס", שם הוא עובד כבר 27 שנה. בין ספריו הקודמים: Life 2.0, The Soft Edge ו-Team Genius. הוא מייסד-שותף של המגזין Upside, של חברת Garage Technology Partners, ושל הפורום הכלכלי הציבורי של עמק הסיליקון – Churchill Club, המונה 7,500 חברים. קרלגארד מתגורר בעמק הסיליקון, קליפורניה.

ההערות המקוריות לספר "פורחים מאוחר"

INTRODUCTION
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הקדמה

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NOTES • 230
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49:12:17 2022/02/16 2 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

231 • NOTES
Jane. B and Dick Bruce in noted As: one number the be to depression 11
in Chance Second A: Adolescents s’World the for Health, “Ferguson
:(2015 (1. no, 56 Health Adolescent of Journal,” Decade Second the
.6–3
College Among Anxiety and Depression: “doubled has depression 11
conducted was study The. 2OuMvq6/ly.bit://http., d.n, JED,” Students
.America of Association Disorders Anxiety the by
.(2016, UCLA at Institute searchRe Education Higher: Angeles Los (2016 Fall Norms National: manFresh American The., al et Eagan Kevin: reported-self of rates lowest 11
Students, “Novotney Amy: surveyed directors health mental campus 11
.A Louise; 36): 2014 (8. no, 45 Psychology on Monitor,” Pressure Under
Student College on Primer Strategic A, Keeling. P Richard and Douce
,Education on Council American: DC, Washington (Health Mental
.(2014
,Haidt Jonathan and Lukianoff Greg”: anxiety overwhelming felt “11
.2015 September, Atlantic,” Mind American the of Coddling The“
Susan by interview, Cohen Fishman Carol”: loss shattering a felt I “12
.2015, Reynolds Salter
.2016, author by interview, Kelly Scott”: days most spent I “13
social or psychologists by supported was that bloomer late a of tiondefini conclusive a find to able t’wasn I: is bloomer late a, put Simply 14
definition My. construct social a be to appears concept The. scientists
well as, definitions common many of amalgamation an from comes
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Stanford the at interview, Winfrey Oprah”: supreme a has Everyone “14
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and, media, literature in recognized as blooming late of idea the to
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exploring works recent Among”: average of myth “the debunking 14
,Rose Todd recommend I, development individual of complexities the

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NOTES • 232
Sameness Values That World a in Succeed We How: Average of End The
and, Rouhani Parisa, Rose Todd. L); 2015, HarperCollins: York New(
and, Brain, Mind,” Individual the of Science The, “Fischer. W Kurt
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,Kaufman Barry Scott); 2013, Hachette: York New (Thinkers Box-theof-Out and, Visionaries, Innovators Raising for Means It What and
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Talent Beyond: Greatness of Complexity The., ed, Kaufman Barry
Barry Scott); 2013, Press University Oxford: York New (Practice or
in,” Giftedness of Conceptions, “Sternberg. J Robert and Kaufman
and); 2008, Springer: Boston (Children in Giftedness of Handbook
.38–123): 2012 (2. no, 40 Intelligence,” Tests Kaufman and JohnsonWoodcock the on Exploration An? G Same the and One G mentAchieve Academic and G Cognitive Are., “al et Kaufman Barry Scott

OBSESSION BLOOMER EARLY OUR: 1 CHAPTER
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פרק 1 התמכרותנו למצליחנות צעירה

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233 • NOTES
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young of ascendancy the show they but, examples few a just are These
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in fortune small a made have” celebs Web “these All”: celebs Web “19
Web the that, though, appears It. fees sponsorship and endorsements
media social many for growth user as well as—trend overall the, shipssponsor drink energy bag and followers of millions capture to tlinghus people young still are there While. peaked has craze” influencer“
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minor playing people for happening now is thing same the that is
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the changed dramatically has craze analytics The: managers general 20
the by spurred, Baseball League Major in management of makeup
Now. Sabermetrics like platforms statistical of adoption widespread
since Just. particular in hockey, sports other to spread to starting s’it
most the of one, Leafs Maple Toronto the, written was chapter this
.manager general old-yearone-thirty a hired, League Hockey National the in franchises storied
ly.bit://https, 2016, 2 March, PayScale,” 2016 Compared ployersEm Tech Releases PayScale: “game s’person young a is technology 20
ly.bit://https, 2017, 24 October, Statistics Labor of Bureau,” nicityEth and Race, Sex by, Force Labor the of Age Median; “2p6K4Pw/
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the of Members the Meet: “business in billionaires ten lists Forbes 20
.2xgC8ic/ly.bit://https, 2018, 6 March, Forbes,” Club Comma-Three
these of Many. common are lists these All: onto latched have Media 20
meatpacking the in are ones interesting really The. lists own their lishpub, Weekly Entertainment including, magazines multiple, tainmententer like categories For. Media Forbes by promoted are categories
Launches Expo Processing & Production International: “industry
Under 40 “‘also See. 2x9Kmts/ly.bit://https, 2014, 7 October, stituteIn Meat American North,” Program’ 30 Under 30 ‘Leaders Young

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NOTES • 234
,2015, 9 February, Drovers,” Convention at Recognized Honorees’ 40
bit://https, 2016, 27 April, Pork s’Journal Farm,” Passion with mingBrim Brenneman Erin: 40 Under 40 “and; 2OiyU5e/ly.bit://https
.2NHNFRX/ly.
“,2017 of Teens Influential Most 30 The”: “Teens Influential Most “21
.2017, 3 November, Time
Why: Youth of Worst The, “Doonan Simon”: global new the is Youth “21
.2011, 26 May, Slate?,” Young the Overpraise and Fetishize We Do
,Board College,” Results SAT 2017 of Class: “tests preparatory college 22
:Expense College Another, “Carrns Ann; 2QrCUle/ly.bit://https., d.n
.2014, 28 October, Times York New,” ACT and SAT the for Preparing
the to succumbed have sports youth Even”: anymore fun not s’It “23
the in kids of percent 70 Around: “cooker pressure blooming-early
s’it because ‘13 age by sports organized playing stop States United
Quit Kids of percent 70 Why, “Miner. W Julianna.’ ” anymore fun not
.2016, 1 June, Post Washington,” 13 Age by Sports
.Ibid”: supports longer no culture Our “23
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.2xbM6SM/ly.bit
:Billion 16, “$Antonia’Dell. J. K., g.e, See: billion 16 $spend parents 26
in Parenting “and; 2p2EyNE/ly.bit://https, 2013, 23 May, delphiaPhila?,” Summer the for Off Be to Supposed Kids t’Aren, “bockiGlem Vicki; 2012, 27 June, Times York New,” Summer of Cost The
//:https, 2015, 17 December, Center Research Pew,” Situation nancialFi to Linked Strongly Are Aspirations, Worries, Outlook: America
.2NaGzG1/ch.pewrsr
Sports Kid How, “Gregory Sean”: nudged been have leagues Local “26
.2017, 24 August, Time,” Pro Turned
,Ericsson Anders. K see, Ericsson Anders On”: practice deliberate “27
Deliberate of Role The. “Römer-Tesch Clemens and, Krampe. T Ralf
Psychological,” Performance Expert of Acquisition the in Practice
Performance Expert of Maintenance and Acquisition the and ticePrac Deliberate, “Ericsson Anders. K; 363): 1993 (3. no, 100 Review
10. no, 79 Medicine Academic,” Domains Related and Medicine in
Experience of Influence The, “Ericsson Anders. K; S81–S70): 2004(

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235 • NOTES
Expert and Expertise of Handbook Cambridge The in,” formance
,Press University Cambridge: York New (38 Feltovich. J Paul and, manHoff. R Roberft, Charness Neil, Ericsson Anders. K. ed, Performance
of Acquisition and Practice Deliberate, “Ericsson Anders. K); 2006
Emergency Academic,” Overview General A: Performance Expert
Attaining, “Ericsson Anders. K; 994–988): 2008 (11. no, 15 Medicine
of Study the from Insights: Practice Deliberate Through Excellence
;(2002, Blackwell: Oxford (Fox Richard and Deforges Charles. ed, ingsRead Essential The: Learning and Teaching in,” Performance Expert
,Little: Boston (Success of Story The: Outliers, Gladwell Malcolm and
.(2008, Brown
Son Old-Year-11 My, “Trunk Penelope”: by practice to learned He “27
Top How About Lot a Learned Both We and, Juilliard at Auditioned
read://https, 2017, 30 May, Insider Business,” Practice Performers
.2p6Mf5K/bi.
educated an as” millions “using m’I: children American of Millions 28
population student 12–K the 2018 In. hyperbole not s’it but, guess
School to Back: Facts Fast. “million 6.56 was States United the in
bit://https., d.n, Statistics Education for Center National,” Statistics
,Control Disease for Centers the to according, 2016 In. 1DLO7Ux/ly.
diagnosed were seventeen and four between children million 1.6
“,(ADHD (Disorder Hyperactivity/Deficit-Attention. “ADHD with
.2nphXvC/ly.bit://https, 2018, 20 March, Control Disease for Centers
,medicine ADHD prescribed commonly most the, Ritalin of Sales
the of Drugging The, “Agostino’D Ryan. alone 2016 in sales of lionbil 14 $to 12 $estimated an with, 2016 to 2003 from percent 89 grew
.2014, 27 March, Esquire,” Boy American
,author by interview, Sax Leonard. Dr”: States United the in kid A “28
.2016
Kids Your Let, Ahead Go, “McArdle Megan”: after, day other The “29
See. 2NDZSau/bg.bloom://https, 2014, 20 February, Bloomberg,” Fail
the Is Well Failing Why: Down of Side Up The, McArdle Megan also
.(2015, Penguin: York New (Success to Key
.2016, author by interview, Dweck Carol”: crisis in is society think I “29
and teen of rates Accurate: suicide and depression teen of Rates 30
disparity general a and reporting-self of inaccuracy the to due marilypri is This. pinpoint to difficult are suicide and anxiety level-college
t’can that thing One. sources various in reporting of quality the in

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50:12:17 2022/02/16 7 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 236
serious a are suicide and anxiety teen that is, ignored or, argued be
to Likely as Adolescents Young, “McBride. L Deborah See. problem
Nursing Pediatric of Journal,” Accidents Traffic as Suicide from Die
American More Are Why, “Lewis-Denizet Benoit; 84–83): 2016 (32
York New?,” Anxiety Severe from Suffering Ever Than Teenagers
Young, Years 80 For, “Singal Jesse; 2017, 11 October, Magazine Times
No and, Depressed and Anxious More Getting Been Have Americans
;2HFyxSZ/ly.bit://https, 2016, 13 March, Cut,” Why Sure Quite Is One
Preventing, “Carroll. E Aaron; 2016, 22 April, NPR,” Girls olescentAd Among Especially, US in Climb Rates Suicide, “Bichell Ellen Rae
,17 August, Times York New,” Shows Evidence the What: Suicide Teen
Teenage as Depression and Anxiety of Levels Increased “and; 2017
,14 March, Foundation Nuffield,” Time over Changes Experience
.1Eo4815/ly.bit://https, 2012
Student College The, “Henriques Gregg: likely as times eight to five 30
//:https, 2014, 15 February, Today Psychology,” Crisis Health Mental
.2wkJ1Pc/ly.bit
the in Chance Second A: Adolescents s’World the for Health, “gusonFer Jane. B and Dick Bruce in noted As: single the be to depression 30
.6–3): 2015 (1. no, 56 Health Adolescent of Journal,” Decade Second
.Ibid: fourteen age at symptoms experience first 30
“.Climb Rates Suicide, “Bichell”: tip the but are deaths The “31
My Beyond s’It., “al et Twenge. M Jean”: exaggeration an not s’It “31
Externality Increasing of Analysis-Meta Temporal-Cross A: Control
Psychology Social and Personality,” 2002–1960, Control of Locus in
in Increases Cohort Birth., “al et Twenge. J; 19–308): 2004 (8 Review
Review Psychology Clinical,” MMPI the of Analysis-Meta TemporalCross A: 2007–1938, Americans Young Among Psychopathology
,Trends Year-Forty: Freshman American The., al et Pryor. H. J see, uesval extrinsic and intrinsic on data historical For. 54–145): 2010 (30
.(2007, Institute Research Education Higher: Angeles Los (2006–1966
.Freshman American The., al et Pryor”: financially off well being “31
Next the Know You Think: “averse-risk more appear millennials 32
//:https, 2014 1Q, Watch Investor UBS,” Again Think? Investor Gen
.2xcc3Rj/ly.bit
Detached: Adulthood in Millennials: “associated things three 32
,Center Research Pew,” Friends with Networked, Institutions from
.2MHYSgN/ch.pewrsr://https, 2014, 7 March

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237 • NOTES
Modern in Time First For, “Fry Richard: address different a at lived 32
for Arrangements Living Other Out Edges Parents with Living, Era
Family with Living Millennials More, “Fry Richard; 25jN9ga/ch.wrsrpe://https, 2016, 24 May, Center Research Pew,” Olds-Year-34 to- 18
,2015, 29 July, Center Research Pew,” Market Job Improved Despite
.1VNfQLa/ch.pewrsr://https
“,Stretches Longer for and—Home at Live to Adults Young for monCom More Becoming s’It, “Fry Richard: stay extended an for home 33
.2pOttBM/ch.pewrsr://https, 2017, 5 May, Center Research Pew
They What, Are They Who About Out Speak Lifers-Quarter: festoMani Something 20, Hassler Christine”: terrifying somewhat s’It “33
;(2008, Library World New: CA, Novato (It Get to How and, Want
York New?,” Somethings-20 About It Is What, “Henig Marantz Robin
.2010, 18 August, Magazine Times
.2017, author by interview, consinWis of University the of graduate a, Meg”: pressure awful this feel I “33
for Society Royal,” StatusofMind: “#Facebook like platforms visual 34
.2t1OI68/ly.bit://https., d.n, health Public
Compared Employers Tech Releases PayScale: “employee median the 35
“.2016
Brutal The, “Scheiber Noam”: die basically five-forty over people “35
Completely, Talent of Plenty, Experience of Years: Tech of Ageism
.2pSIeS2/ly.bit://https, 2014, 23 March, Republic New,” Obsolete
.Ibid”: shop opened first Matarasso When “35
.Ibid: consultant a, Withers Robert 35
,17 November, Reuters,” Bias Age—Secret Dirty s’Valley Silicon: portRe Special, “McBride Sarah”: fast that work t’can people older that “35
.2pbXf1P/rs.reut://https, 2012
David; 2nJFrgv/ly.bit://https, 2017 December, Bulletin AARP,” lineOn Goes Discrimination Age, “Terrell Kenneth: adults of percent 92 36
and Discrimination Age, “Button Patrick and, Burn Ian, Neumark
,Francisco San of Bank Reserve Federal,” Workers Older of Hiring
.2MvCSG5/ly.bit://https, 2017, 27 February
bit://https, 2013, 16 May, Jessup & Cohen Ervin,” Popular mainRe Claims Discrimination Age, “Scott. O Kelly: age cited fifth-one 36
.2p4u68v/ly.
.1TsiNzi/ly.bit://https., d.n, Commission Opportunity ploymentEm Equal. S.U,” Tech High in Diversity: “percent 26 in cited is age 36

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NOTES • 238
Rate Unemployment, “Schramm Jennifer: rate unemployment The 36
,2018, 5 January, AARP,” December in Increases+ 55 Ages Those for
.2Qs0Zs4/ly.bit://https
Term-Long, “Rix. E Sara: unemployment term-long of challenges 36
“,Workers Older for Consequences and Risks Great: Unemployment
.2xjQlfl/ly.bit://http, 2015, 12 February, Institute Policy Public AARP
Workers American Older, “Miller Mark: compared weeks six-thirty 36
.2016, 8 September, Fortune,” Jobs Find to Struggling Still Are
“.Unemployment Term-Long, “Rix: find do who seekers job older 36
and Naranjo-Monge Alexander: fifty over women for prospects 37
,Synopses Economic” (Recession Great the After and Before: mentUnemploy Term-Long in Differences Gender and Age, “Sohail Faisal
.(2015, 26. no
and, Burn Ian, Neumark David: hiring the in discrimination age 37
New? Jobs Find to Workers Older for Harder It Is, “Button Patrick
paper working” (Experiment Field a from Evidence Improved and
.(2015, Research Economic of Bureau National, 21669. no
Nicole, Heidkamp Maria”: involuntarily are workers Older “37
Center,” Unemployables New The, “Horn Van. E Carl and, Corre
bit://https, 2012, 5 October, College Boston at Work and Aging on
older both for difficult is market job the, is fact The. 2NDFOoA/ly.
the from Missing Are Men of Millions “See. men older and women
Lydia; 2016, 16 October, Times York New, editorial,” Market Job
s’It, 50 over Workers For. Terrible Always Is Job a Losing, “DePillis
,Applewhite Ashton”; Jobs Find to Struggling Still Are Workers canAmeri Older, “Miller; 2015, 30 March, Post Washington,” Worse
,3 September, Times York New,” Touch in Be ll’We? Old How re’You“
.2016
s’Lehrer Jonah, “Moynihan Michael”: describe to thing hard a s’It “38
.2012, 30 July, Tablet,” Deceptions
.2012, 20 June, York New,” Snowballing Are Issues PlagiarismSelf s’Lehrer Jonah, “Coscarelli Joe: plagiarism of suspicion aroused 39
Jonah: Review, “Senior Jennifer”: food slow the still are Books “39
York New,” Sin Unoriginal Another Is’ Love About Book A ‘s’Lehrer
.2016, 6 July, Times
The, “‘Ulaby Neda in quoted Mendel Scott”: think do I, know You “40
.2012, 31 July, NPR,” Unravels Journalist A’: Over Are Lies

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50:12:17 2022/02/16 10 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

239 • NOTES
up turn will search Google A: bloomers late of examples countless 42
few a just are These. bloomers late famous of examples countless
.examples

OF FALLACY CRUEL THE: 2 CHAPTER
MEASUREMENT HUMAN
high his including, life s’Gates Bill: Gates Bill precocious a 1975 In 45
.documented well been have, days Microsoft early and, college, school
Mogul s’Microsoft How: Gates, Manes Stephen recommend highly I
,1992 September and 1992 April In). 1994, Touchstone: York New (icaAmer in Man Richest the Himself Made and Industry an Reinvented
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.Gates with traveling days five spent I 1993 October In. ASAP Forbes
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flew We. Oakland and, Chicago, York New, Boston in stops included
in hours many spent I and, United and Shuttle Delta on commercial
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Forbes,” Gates Bill with Days Five “article my was result The. rooms
his of top the at was Gates 1990s the In. 1994, 28 February, ASAP
high, quick extremely be to him found I. CEO software a as game
,company driven-IQ an being Microsoft about comments His. tingcut and sarcastic wickedly also and, funny, brash, animated, energy
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.1990s the in personality mercurial his from change stark
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to led one how and, SAT the and tests IQ of history the about book
the of History Secret The: Test Big The, Lemann Nicholas is, other the
.(1999, Giroux & Straus, Farrar: York New (Meritocracy American
.Ibid: Binet Alfred 47
.Ibid”: test IQ the of thought Terman Lewis “48
.Ibid: Brigham Carl 49

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NOTES • 240
,Oden. H Melita and Terman. M Lewis: Gifted the of Study Terman 54
.(1947, Press University Stanford: CA, Stanford (Group riorSupe a of Up-Follow’ Years Five-Twenty: Up Grows Child Gifted The
.Test Big, Lemann: SAT the took students 000,80 Just 55
The, Muller. Z Jerry”: indicator social quantitative any more the “55
.(2018, Press University Princeton: NJ, Princeton (Metrics of Tyranny
41, “Kossoff Maya: word mathematical and puzzles based-Logic 58
ly.bit://http., d.n., Inc,” Questions Interview Toughest s’Google of
.2CRBrC4/
Murphy Annie: flourish even and—survive to continued ve’they 58
and, Companies Our Mismanage, Children Our Miseducate to Us ingLead Are Tests Personality How: Testing Personality of Cult The, Paul
.(2010, Schuster & Simon: York New (Ourselves Misunderstand
.(1914, Harper: York New (Management Scientific of plesPrinci The, Taylor Winslow Frederick”: first was man, past the In “59
eric://https, 2016 June, ERIC,” Education in Endures Still agementMan Scientific, “Ireh Maduakolam: education in entrenched firmly 60
.2NQSOqT/ly.bit://http, 2013, 21 April, Jacobin,” roomClass Industrial The, “Gude Shawn also See. ED566616=id/?gov.ed.
We How: Average of End The, Rose Todd”: follow still schools Our “61
,HarperCollins: York New (Sameness Values That World a in Succeed
.(2015
,Press Chicago of University: Chicago (Efficiency of Cult the and tionEduca, Callahan. E Raymond: Callahan Raymond historian the 61
.(1964
Barry Scott; Average of End, Rose: ways different in learn all we 62
,Books Basic: York New (Redefined Intelligence: Ungifted, Kaufman
.(2013
Jeff: Store Everything The, Stone Brad”: best the only hiring that felt “64
.(2013, House Random: York New (Amazon of Age the and Bezos
:Bits Versus Atoms, “Karlgaard Rich: mismatch a is there claims 64
.2013, 23 January, Forbes,” Innovation Find to Where
for Services and Products, “Negroponte. P Nicholas: companies” bits “64
.15–106): 1991 (3. no, 265 American Scientific,” Networks Computer
Andrew and Penn Mark”: economy mortar-and-brick old The “65
.2017, 6 July, Times York New,” Democrats, Center the to Back, “Stein

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241 • NOTES
and Secrets: Blood Bad, Carreyrou John”: take could that technology “66
John also See). 2018, Knopf: York New (Startup Valley Silicon a in Lies
Test-Blood Its with Struggled Has Theranos Startup Hot, “Carreyrou
.2015, 21 October, Journal Street Wall,” Technology
her to wrote Holmes letter a From”: life of out want really I What “67
.2015, 16 April, News CBS,” aireBillion Female Made-Self Youngest s’World The. “nine age at father
Valerie and, Schmitt John, Jones Janelle: rates graduation University 69
Policy Economic,” Commission Kerner the After Years 50, “Wilson
.2pivww9/ly.bit://http, 2018, 26 February, Institute
Magic. Hornets Charlotte the team NBA the of percent 90 imatelyapprox owns Jordan Michael: Johnson Magic and Jordon Michael 69
.billion 2 $for McCourt Frank from Dodgers gelesAn Los s’Baseball League Major bought that group a heads Johnson
.2NI4zje/ly.bit://https, 2018, 11 July, Forbes,” Country the in neursEntrepre Women Successful the of Ranking a, Women Made-Self estRich s’America of List 2018 Releases Forbes: “list Forbes recent most 69
.2014, 30 berOcto, Bloomberg,” Up Speaks Cook Tim, “Cook Tim: CEO Apple 69
“,Predictors and Trends: Lesbians and Gays Toward Attitudes licPub, “Lee Tsung-Tien and Hicks. R Gary: diversity toward attitudes 69
,Markus Andrew; 77–57): 2006 (2. no, 51 Homosexuality of Journal
Jupp James. ed, Relationship Harmonious A: Integration and turalismMulticul in,” Diversity Cultural and Multiculturalism to Attitudes“
,Center Research Pew.,” S.U the in Diversity Increasing Toward tudesAtti. 4 “also See). 2011, Press E ANU: Canberra (Clyne Michael and
Growing s’Country of Views Positive Express Americans Most, “hutFinger Hannah and; 2p6nkza/ch.pewrsr://https, 2017, 16 February
,2018, 14 June, Center Research Pew,” Diversity Ethnic and Racial
.2p4LgTr/ch.pewrsr://https
of Memoir A: Elegy Hillbilly, Vance. D. J: childhood troubled a After 71
.(2016, HarperCollins: York New (Crisis in Culture and Family a
Without Men, “Summers Larry”: third-one than more that expect I “72
.2CRCIsQ/ly.bit://http, 2016, 26 September, Archive RSS,” Work
:Work Without Men, Eberstadt Nicholas”: crisis invisible s’America “72
,Press Templeton: PA, Conshohocken West (Crisis Invisible s’America
.(2016

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NOTES • 242
and, Automation, Intelligence Artificial”: “in invest should. S.U the “72
,2016, 20 December, President the of Office Executive,” Economy the
.2xmVJOD/ly.bit://http
:House White, “Riquier Andrea”: Take May Robots: House White “73
“,It Embrace Should We and, Jobs Our of Half Take May Robots
.2xcV6q0/net.mktw.on://https, 2016, 31 December, MarketWatch
,Murnane. J Richard and, Levy Frank, Autor. H David”: based-rules “73
a of Floors Two on Skills and Computers: Downstairs, Upstairs“
.47–432): 2002 (3. no, 55 Review ILR,” Bank Large

DEVELOPMENT HUMAN FOR CLOCK KINDER A: 3 CHAPTER
Ridge Spring of party retirement the was, attended I which, casionoc The. Arizona, Scottsdale in Inn Camelback the at, 2016, 23 aryJanu in story her told) name real her not” (Ashley: “Ashley, fifteen At 76
.Courtney Jeannie founder Academy
magnetic functional of advent the Since: suggests research Emerging 81
numerous with, exploded has development cognitive adult and, centadoles, childhood of study the, technology) fMRI (imaging resource
about more learn To. myelin and, matter white, system limbic the, tionfunc executive, cortex prefrontal the of development the on studies
Cognitive, “Steinberg Laurence see, development cognitive adolescent
Widely of Maturation., “al et Luna Beatriz; 74–69): 2005 (2. no, 9 encesSci Cognitive in Trends,” Adolescence in Development Affective and
Suparna and Blakemore Jayne-Sarah; 93–786): 2001 (5. no, 13 roimageNeu,” Development Cognitive Subserves Function Brain Distributed
for Implications: Brain Adolescent the of Development, “Choudhury
.N Jay, Casey. J. B; 312–296): 2006 (4–3. nos, 47 Psychiatry and ogyPsychol Child of Journal,” Cognition Social and Function Executive
Brain Functional and Structural, “Thomas. M Kathleen and, Giedd
Emotion, “Gross. J James; 57–241): 2000 (3–1. nos, 54 Psychology calBiologi,” Development Cognitive to Relation Its and Development
Directions Current,” Everything Is Timing: Adulthood in Regulation
Matter White of Maturation, “Klingberg Torkel and, Westerberg enaHel, Nagy Zoltan; 19–214): 2001 (6. no, 10 Science Psychological in
During Functions Cognitive of Development the with Associated Is
–1227): 2004 (7. no, 16 Neuroscience Cognitive of Journal,” Childhood

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243 • NOTES
2. no, 9 Sciences Cognitive in Trends,” Adolescence During opmentDevel Cognitive and Maturation Brain Mapping, “Paus Tomáš; 33
Performance’ Adolescents., “al et Hooper. J Catalina; 68–60): 2005(
Developmental,” Cortex Prefrontal Ventromedial and Making cisionDe of Development the for Implications: Task Gambling Iowa the on
,Blum. W Robert, Johnson. B Sara; 1148): 2004 (6. no, 40 Psychology
Promise The: Brain the and Maturity Adolescent, “Giedd. N Jay and
“,Policy Health Adolescent in Research Neuroscience of Pitfalls and
Gogtay Nitin; 21–216): 2009 (3. no, 45 Health Adolescent of Journal
During Development Cortical Human of Mapping Dynamic., “al et
National the of Proceedings,” Adulthood Early Through Childhood
,Moshman David; 79–8174): 2004 (21. no, 101 Sciences of Academy
@DigitalCommons,” Childhood Beyond Development Cognitive“
,.al et Blakemore Jayne-Sarah; 1998, Lincoln–Nebraska of University
About Thinking for Circuitry Neural the of Development Adolescent“
2. no, 2 Neuroscience Affective and Cognitive Social,” Intentions
re’You, “Zimmer Carl see, reading lighter little a For. 39–130): 2007(
,21 December, Times York New,” Much So Not, Brain Your. Adult an
.2016
Lobe Frontal, “Fuster. M Joaquín: used have researchers Cognitive 81
5–3. nos, 31 Neurocytology of Journal,” Development Cognitive and
Jay; 43–335): 2008 (4. no, 42 Health Adolescent of Journal,” imagingNeuro from Insights: Brain Teen The, “Giedd. N Jay; 85–373): 2002(
1. no, 1021 Sciences of Academy York New the of Annals,” Brain centAdoles the of Imaging Resonance Magnetic Structural, “Giedd. N
.861): 1999 (10. no, 2 scienceNeuro Nature,” Study MRI Longitudinal A: Adolescence and hoodChild During Development Brain., “al et Giedd. N Jay; 85–77): 2004(
.2014, 19 September, Times York New,” Adulthood layedDe for Case The, “Steinberg Laurence: olds-year-five-twenty s’today 84
:Adulthood Emerging, Arnett Jensen Jeffrey”: adulthood emerging “85
New (Twenties the Through Teens Late the from Road Winding The
Teens Late the from Development of Theory A: Adulthood ingEmerg, “Arnett Jensen Jeffrey); 2004, Press University Oxford: York
;469): 2000 (5. no, 55 Psychologist American,” Twenties the Through
Is What and, It Is What: Adulthood Emerging, “Arnett Jensen Jeffrey
;73–68): 2007 (2. no, 1 Perspectives Development Child?,” For Good It

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51:12:17 2022/02/16 15 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 244
:Boston (Adulthood Emerging and Adolescence, Arnett Jensen Jeffrey
About It Is What, “Henig Marantz Robin also See). 2014, Pearson
.2010, 18 August, Magazine Times York New?,” Somethings-20
.2018 July, author by interview, Goldberg Elkhonon entistneurosci University York New: proliferate to continue synapses new 86
.R Celia in quoted Dustin Aubrey”: working developed I skills The “87
College and School High Between’ Year Gap ‘a Taking How, “Baker
.2013, 4 November, News Deseret,” Life Your Improve Can
:York New (Dog Shoe, Knight Phil: college between break a taking 87
.(2016, s’Scribner
Perfect My: Days Independence, “DeNuccio Kyle”: now leave you If “88
.2017, 8 April, Times York New,” Year Gap Imperfect
,Martin. J Andrew”: outcomes performance higher had They “88
Performance and Motivation? Year Gap a Have Students Should“
of Journal,” School Completing After Out Time to Relevant Factors
.561): 2010 (3. no, 102 Psychology Educational
for Institute University Temple (Report Survey Alumni National tionAssocia Gap American, Hoe Nina: maturity their increased year gap 89
.2NLNx47/ly.bit://http), 2015, Research Survey
“,Travel Youth of Professionalisation The? Up Signing or Out pingDrop. “Simpson Kate”: opportunity great a is year gap a Taking “89
.69-447): 2005 (3. no, 37 Antipode
.Report Survey Alumni National sociationAs Gap American, Hoe: universities and colleges 160 than fewer no 90
‘Encourages ‘Harvard Why, “Strauss Valerie: year gap a took, Malia 90
.2016, 1 May, Post ingtonWash,” Doing Is Obama Malia like Just. Year Gap a Take to Students
,author by interview, Mills Mark”: job trade skilled a Getting “90
.2018 February
.T Laura and Hartshorne. K Joshua”: getting re’you, age given any At “91
Life the Across Abilities Cognitive Different of Fall and Rise nousAsynchro The? Peak Functioning Cognitive Does When, “Germine
,Powell Alvin; 43–433): 2015 (4. no, 26 Science Psychological,” Span
,2015, 19 March, Gazette Harvard,” Of Sort, Minute the by Smarter“
Cognitive of Fall and Rise The, “Trafton Anne; 2NaCf9W/ly.bit://http
.2CPin7s/ly.bit://http, 2015, 6 March, News MIT,” Skills
Grace and, Willis. L Sherry, Schaie Warner. K: Schaie Warner. K 91
Between Relationship: Study Longitudinal Seattle The, “Caskie. L. I

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245 • NOTES
,11 Cognition and Neuropsychology Aging,” Cognition and Personality
Longitudinal Seattle The, “Schaie Warner. K; 24–304): 2004 (3–2. nos
Guilford: York New (Development Psychological Adult of Studies nalLongitudi., ed, Schaie Warner. K also See. 75–171): 1993 (6. no, 2 enceSci Psychological in Directions Current,” Intelligence Adult of Studies
on Influences Developmental, Schaie Warner. K); 1996, Press versityUni Cambridge: York New (Study Longitudinal Seattle The: hoodAdult in Development Intellectual, Schaie Warner. K); 1983, Press
Oxford: York New (Study Longitudinal Seattle The: Intelligence Adult
Development Intellectual, “Schaie Warner. K); 2005, Press University
.E James. ed, Aging of Psychology the of Handbook in,” Adulthood in
and, Gatz Margaret, Abeles. P Ronald, Schaie Warner Klaus, Birren
The, “Schaie Warner. K and); 1996. (ed 4th, Salthouse. A Timothy
Psychologist American,” Development Intellectual Adult of Course
.304): 1994 (4. no, 49
Going Still Aging on Study, “Seven Richard”: life your live you How “92
.2008, 24 November, Times Seattle,” Later Years 50 Some Strong
The, “Phillips Lee Melissa”: mind aged-middle the that seems It “92
.41–38): 2011 (42 Psychology on Monitor,” Midlife at Mind
.Ibid”: potential enduring an is There “92
Natelson. C Marissa, Harada. N Caroline: intelligence of types two 93
in Clinics,” Aging Cognitive Normal, “Triebel. L Kristen and, Love
,Thorsen Cecilia also See. 52–737): 2013 (4. no, 29 Medicine Geriatric
of Influence The, “Cliffordson Christina and, Gustafsson Eric-Jan
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:York New (Grigorenko. L Elena and Sternberg. J Robert. ed, pertiseEx and, Competencies, Abilities of Psychology in,” Knowledge mainDo and, Investment Cognitive, Complexes Trait, “Beier. E Margaret
.(2003, Press University Cambridge
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.2013, author by interview, Rosen. B. Charles. Dr
.2018 July, author by viewinter, Goldberg Elkhonon. Dr: networks neural forming constantly 94

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NOTES • 246
,13 Biology Computational PLOS,” 25 Age at Peaks Complexity ioralBehav Human., “al et Gauvrit Nicolas: creativity our about What 95
.e1005408): 2017 (4. no
.Ibid”: generation item random “95
Human The: Creativity, Goldberg Elkhonon”: network salience “95
,Press University Oxford: York New (Innovation of Age the in Brain
.conversation 2018 July our in age we as creasingin” yield creative “on thinking s’Goldberg. Dr confirmed I). 2018
,Jones. F Benjamin in is poem s’Dirac”: chill fever a, course of, is Age “96
,92 Statistics and Economics of Review,” Invention Great and Age“
.(2010 (1. no
,Weinberg. A Bruce and Jones. F Benjamin: discovery of age average 96
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Benjamin also See. 14–18910): 2011 (47. no, 108 Sciences of Academy
.w19866/papers/org.nber.www://http), 2014, searchRe Economic of Bureau National, 19866. no paper working” (niusGe Scientific and Age, “Weinberg. A Bruce and, Reedy. J. E, Jones
Like Think, Genius a Be To, “Kennedy Pagan: is age innovation peak 96
.2017, 7 April, Times York New,” Old-Year-94 a
.Ibid: applicants patent. S.U of age average 96
.Ibid”: safe and lightweight, cheap so “97
doi, 2015 May,” Trends National| Activity Startup: 2015 Index manKauff The., “al et Fairlie. W Robert: entrepreneurship of age average 97
.2613479.ssrn/2139.10/org.
of theory stage-eight his for known well is Erikson: Erikson Erik 97
forty ages, seven Stage. 1959 in issued, development psychological
time a is and” Stagnation. vs Generativity “as known is, five-sixty to
will that things nurture or create to need a experience people “when
changes positive creating or mentees having often, them outlast
Stages s’Erikson Erik, “McLeod Saul.” people other benefit will that
ly.bit://http, 2018, Psychology Simply,” Development Psychosocial of
.2Multx9/

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247 • NOTES
OF STRENGTHS SIX THE: WAIT THE WORTH: 4 CHAPTER
BLOOMERS LATE
is life in time no At: “buckets in curiosity have children healthy All 106
eminent the writes,” childhood early in than powerful more curiosity
.2xgGAxo/ly.bit://http., d.n, Scholastic,” riousCu Are Children Young Why. “Perry. D Bruce. Dr psychiatrist child
.2QoKrl3/tn.for://https, 2017, tuneFor,” For Work to Companies Best 100 The”: “passion a, curiosity “107
for Hiring, “Gerhard Janet and Hvisdos Michael”: key overlooked “107
,Recruiter,” Innovation Business to Key Overlooked the, Curiosity
.2xnqyCK/ly.bit://http, 2017, 3 October
a Is Curiosity Why, “Peppers Don”: it consider should People “107
ly.bit://http, 2016, 21 September., Inc,” Innovation for Prerequisite
.2Mkdnke/
.2pj5yZJ/ly.bit://http, 2015, 21 April, Cube,” Motivation and ityCurios Behind Neuroscience The”: “process cognitive a is curiosity “108
,Yagi Ayano, Michiko Sakaki”: maintaining in role important an “108
88 Reviews Biobehavioral and Neuroscience,” Aging Adaptive ingAchiev to Key Possible A: Age Old in Curiosity, “Murayama Kou and
.16–106): 2018 May(
bit://http, 2012, 15 October, Pulse LinkedIn,” Compassionately ingManag, “Weiner Jeffrey: pain s’another feel we, empathy With 109
.2xwmoaT/ly.
Changes, “Konrath Sara and Zarins Sasha: students college Among 109
in,” States United the in Variables Related-Compassion in Time over
Seppälä. M Emma. ed, Science Compassion of Handbook Oxford The
,Konrath. H Sara); 2016, Press University Oxford: York New. (al et
Dispositional in Changes, “Hsing Courtney and, Brien’O. H Edward
“,Analysis-Meta A: Time over Students College American in Empathy
.98–180): 2011 (2. no, 15 Review Psychology Social and Personality
and Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly: thinking reflective greater show They 109
.ed, Development and, Origins, Nature Its: Wisdom in,” terpretationIn Evolutionary An: Wisdom of Psychology The, “Rathunde Kevin
;(1990, Press University Cambridge: Cambridge (Sternberg. J Robert
Across Wisdom of Development The, “Birren. E. J and Clayton. P. V
Span-Life in,” Topic Ancient an of Reexamination A: Span Life the
San. (Jr, Brim. G. O and Baltes. B. P. ed, Behavior and Development

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NOTES • 248
Aging on Perspective Longitudinal A: Age Old in Wisdom of fectsEf and Antecedents, “Ardelt Monika); 1980, Press Academic: Diego
.94–360): 2000 (4. no, 22 Aging on Research,” Well
,25 Aging on Research,” Scale Wisdom Dimensional-Three a of mentAssess Empirical, “Ardelt Monika”: centeredness-self in reduction “109
.324–275): 2003 (3. no
and Older of Science The, “Korkki Phyllis”: horizon wide a having “109
.2014, 12 March, Times York New,” Wiser
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249 • NOTES
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New (Success Your Accelerate to Happiness of Science the Apply to
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Transformation My: Life Emotional This”: off came lid the then but “112
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NOTES • 250
,points starting As. 2018, 17 April on, Philadelphia to route en, 1380
After Plane Southwest a Landed She, “Rosenberg Eli recommend I
“,Day That Flying Be to Supposed t’Wasn She. Exploded Engine an
.2018, 10 May, Post Washington
Ranking: University Nazarene MidAmerica “in cited is rate tanceaccep Its. 2OpH0c4/ly.bit://http, Report World & News. S.U,” viewOver: University Nazarene MidAmerica: “unranked was WNMU 116
.2OkRvgS/ly.bit://http,” Rankings: University Mexico New ernWest “see, rankings s’WSNM For. 2CQV51e/ly.bit://http,” Indicators
,House Random: York New (Stuff Right The, Wolfe Tom”: ziggurat “116
.(2005
Calmly She’: Steel of Nerves, “‘Schmidt Samantha”: steel of nerves “117
Fighter Former a of Expect d’You as Just, Flight Southwest the Landed
.2018, 18 April, Post Washington,” Pilot
Happiness How, “Halvorson Grant Heidi”: less becomes happiness “117
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and, Kamvar. D Sepandar, Mogilner Cassie: elation and excitement 117
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et Kirby. D Elizabeth also See. 2pkaBcm/ly.bit://http, 2013, 16 April
Neurogenesis Hippocampal Rat Adult Enhances Stress Acute., “al
“,FGF2 Astrocytic Secreted Via Neurons Newborn of Activation and
.2pi8NjT/ly.bit://http, 2013, 16 April, eLife
.2x8XWMK/ly.bit://http, 2014, 6 February, Forbes,” Calm Stay plePeo Successful How, “Bradberry Travis: solvers problem better re’we 118
Navy A: Point Taking, Gleeson Brent: gravitate people, stress under 118
:York New (Change Through Leading for Principles Safe-Fail 10 s’SEAL
.(2018, Touchstone
by interviews several, Walsh Bill Coach: standards conventional By 118
his discuss to office Stanford his at meet would We. 94–1992, author
one During. ASAP Forbes for management innovative on column
derived insight passing-short football the about me told he meeting
court-full a conducting team basketball school high a watching from
.practice during drill press
Brain Human The: Creativity, Goldberg Elkhonon”: 30s-mid to early “119
.(2018, Press University Oxford: York New (Innovation of Age the in

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52:12:17 2022/02/16 22 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

251 • NOTES
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NOTES • 252
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253 • NOTES
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CULTURE HEALTHY OWN YOUR CREATE: 5 CHAPTER
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פרק 5 צרו תרבות בריאה משלכם

25

52:12:17 2022/02/16 25 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 254
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255 • NOTES
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53:12:17 2022/02/16 27 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 256
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.(2008
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257 • NOTES
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53:12:17 2022/02/16 29 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 258
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unable were studies subsequent other Many: caveat A. 37–111): 1996(
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259 • NOTES
Social Normative., “al et Nolan. M Jessica: clueless are us of most 144
,Khazian. M Azar, Schultz. P Wesley; 23–913): 2008 (7. no, 34 letinBul Psychology Social and Personality,” Underdetected Is Influence
1. no, 3 Influence Social,” Guests Hotel Among Conservation motePro to Influence Social Normative Using, “Zaleski. C Adam and
Energy the on Influence Social of Impact the Detecting? Savings ergyEn Drive Influence Social Can., “al et Jain. K Rishee; 23–4): 2008(
Normative to Exposed Users Networked of Behavior Consumption
.27–119): 2013 (66 Buildings and Energy,” Feedback-Eco
Nolan in quoted Cialdini Robert”: strength and ubiquity the Given “144
“.Underdetected Is Influence Social Normative., “al et
:York New (Sameness Values That World a in Succeed We How: ageAver of End The, Rose Todd: belief the creates thinking Normative 144
.(2015, HarperCollins
A: Mead Margaret, Howard Jane”: network a it call, clan a it Call “146
.(1989, Books Ballantine: York New (Life
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:Influence Peer, “Sanfey Alan and, Smidts Ale, Stallen Mirre also See
in Frontiers,” Conformity Group-In Underlying Mechanisms Neural
:(2015 (9 Neuroscience in Frontiers,” Research Applied and damentalFun for Implications: Conformity Social of Neuroscience The, “feySan. G Alan and Stallen Mirre; 50): 2013 (7 Neuroscience Human
“,Study fMRI An? Disagree to Hard It Find Some Do Why, “berghsMolen Pascal and, Taing. A Sreyneth, D Domínguez. F Juan; 337
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FOR ADVICE SUBVERSIVE! QUIT: 6 CHAPTER
BLOOMERS LATE
The, Duhigg Charles: determination of benefits the extol books 149
New (Business and Life in Do We What Do We Why: Habit of Power
Discipline, Babin Leif and Willink Jocko); 2013, House Random: York
,Matters It Why, Works Control-Self How: Instinct Willpower The, galMcGoni Kelly); 2017, Press s’Martin. St: York New (Freedom Equals
;(2011, Penguin: York New (It of More Get to Do Can You What and

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NOTES • 260
Change Can That Things Little: Bed Your Make, McRaven. H William
to Antidote An: Life for Rules 12, Peterson. B Jordan); 2017, lishingPub Central Grand: York New (World the Maybe and . . . Life Your
.(2018, Canada House Random: Toronto (Chaos
Late by interview, Brown. J Daniel”: seventeen was I before Even “149
.2015, Reynolds Salter Susan contributor Bloomers
The, “Villarica Hans”: chocolates the in interest clear] ed[exhibit “152
et Baumeister. F. R also See. 2012, 9 April, Atlantic,” Willpower of tionConcep Modern the Birthed That Experiment Radish-and-Chocolate
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Ego The, Freud Sigmund: charge in generally is) ego the (rider The 153
:York New; 1923 (Strachey James. ed, Edition Standard: Id the and
.(1960, Norton. W. W
Bowerman, Moore Kenny”: one-thirty trained he, career his Over “154
and Coach Legendary s’Oregon of Story The: Oregon of Men the and
.(2006, Rodale: PA, Emmaus (Cofounder s’Nike
.Ibid”: exhorting began Bowerman “155
John David and Burnett William: partner made just d’who woman a 157
Life Joyful, Lived-Well a Build to How: Life Your Designing, Evans
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.(1996, Doubleday: York New (Survive Paranoid the Only, Grove
Pioneer Digital, “Sydell Laura”: know you], Moore [Gordon asked I “158
“,Microprocessors to Chips From Shift s’Intel Led Grove Andrew
.2MvQCAm/pr.n://https, 2016, 22 March, NPR

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261 • NOTES
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Interesting: fallacy cost-sunk the to are we beholden how s’That 160
less possibly are adults older—bloomers late for good and—note to
adults Older: “adults younger than fallacy cost-sunk the to subject
“.fallacy cost-sunk the commit to adults younger than likely less were
Cost-Sunk the to Subject Less Adults Older Are., “al et Strough JoNell
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.(2007, Penguin: York New) (Stick to When and (Quit to When
Upside The, “Dubner. J Stephen in Levitt Steven”: one say to were I If “163
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.ibid in Arkes”: got ve’you is thing first The “164

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54:12:17 2022/02/16 33 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

NOTES • 262
DOUBT-SELF IS THAT SUPERPOWER THE: 7 CHAPTER
Why, “Hendriksen Ellen: doubt, standpoint evolutionary an From 167
,American Scientific),” Okay s’That Why and (Insecure Is Everyone
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.246): 1999 (2. no, 76 chologyPsy Social and Personality of Journal,” Performance Math in ferencesDif Gender and Relevance Stereotype: Proof of Burden A, “Josephs
many, doubt-self facing In: approaches psychological only the t’aren 169
impostor and overachievement like strategies to resort also people
—chapter this in mentioned strategies three the But. phenomenon
seem—threat stereotype and, enhancement other, handicapping-self
in, Overachievement. bloomers late for widespread most the be to
.strategy bloomer early an be to seems, particular
“,Science Academic of Strata Across Doubt-Self and Scientists, “wiczHermano. C Joseph: physicists accomplished most and smartest the 170
.26–309): 2005 (3. no, 46 Education Higher in Research
.Ibid”: three or two of series a get you When “170
interview, Streep Meryl’ ”: act to how know t’don I, ‘myself to say I “171
and Kidman Nicole, Streep Meryl to Talks Oprah, “Winfrey Oprah by
.2003 January, Magazine Oprah The: O,” Moore Julianne

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263 • NOTES
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NOTES • 264
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54:12:17 2022/02/16 36 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

265 • NOTES
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and Talk-Self Observable Between Relationship The., “al et Raalte
of Journal,” Performances Match’ Players Tennis Junior Competitive
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:(1999 (6. no, 14 Psychology Managerial of Journal,” Performance and
Functions the Investigating., “al et Hatzigeorgiadis Antonis; 501–477
and Efficacy-Self on Talk-Self Motivational of Effects The: Talk-Self of
4. no, 22 Psychologist Sport,” Players Tennis Young in Performance
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Journal,” Improvement Efficacy-Self and Skill Service Volleyball the
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of Influence The: Leadership-Self Thought, “Manz. C Charles and
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in Efficacy-Self Building for Strategies, “Jackson Allen and, Grove
American and Australian of Analysis Comparative A: Players Tennis
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to Coaches Elite by Used Strategies of Examination Exploratory An“
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Talking When’: Talk Self, “‘Bernstein Elizabeth?: scared so I am Why 179
“,Yourself to Talking of Benefits The, “Wong Kristin; 2014, 5 May, nalJour Street Wall,” Difference a Makes It Do You Way the, Yourself to
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“ ‘.Talk Self, “‘Bernstein”: objective themselves give to them allows it “179
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Efficacy-Self, “Bandura”; Change Behavioral of Theory Unifying a
“.Agency Human in Mechanism
Human of Encyclopedia, Ramachandran: Bandura to according 180
.Behavior

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NOTES • 266
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54:12:17 2022/02/16 38 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

267 • NOTES
,Neff. D Kristin: being-well emotional of measures with correlated 185
of Examination An, “Kirkpatrick. L Kristin and, Rude. S Stephanie
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,28 December, Times York New,” Confidence-Self Beats CompassionSelf Why, “Wong Kristin”: yourself treating is compassion-Self “186
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,Insights DeLoitte,” World New Diverse a in Thriving: Leadership
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YOURSELF REPOT? GROW TO SLOW: 8 CHAPTER
GARDEN BETTER A IN
Management of Academy,” Syndrome Barrel the in Crabs the of sisAnaly Phenomenological A, “Miller. D Carliss”: syndrome pot crab “190
.(2014. (1. no, 2014 Proceedings Management of emyAcad,” Behavior Competitive on Influence Structural: Syndrome relBar a in Crabs The, “Miller. D Carliss); 2015 (1. no, 2015 Proceedings

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NOTES • 268
,Price. A David in quoted Wolfe Tom”: less or more has Status “190
,Storyboard Nieman,” Obsession Status His Got Wolfe Tom Where“
.2xbQdh6/ly.bit://http, 2016, 5 July
We How: Average of End The, Rose Todd”: or extrovert an you Are “191
,HarperCollins: York New (Sameness Values That World a in Succeed
.(2015
pewrsr://https, 2017, 13 February, Center Research Pew,” Put ingStay Are Millennials Because Part in, Rates Low Historically at ingMov Are Americans, “Fry Richard: mobility geographic in decrease 193
.2DdAXX2/ch.
by interview, Harrington Kimberly”: book a written have I Could “194
.2018, author
.A Timothy and Cable. M Daniel: fit job-to-person on emphasis less 195
.311–294): 1996 (3. no, 67 cessesPro Decision Human and Behavior Organizational,” Entry zationalOrgani and, Decisions Choice Job, Fit Organization-Person, “Judge
of Power The: Quiet, Cain Susan: hardy naturally are people some 196
Broadway: York New (Talking Stop t’Can That World a in Introverts
.(2013, Books
.(1998, Books Basic: York New (Nature Human in mentTempera: Prophecy s’Galen, Kagan Jerome: babies” reactive-high “196
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,Pluess Michael and Belsky Jay and; 379): 2010 (2. no, 46 Psychology
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San s’Media Forbes was Hardy: colleague former a, Hardy Quentin 198
.2000s early the in chief bureau Francisco
,author by interview, Warren Rick”: Saddleback of work real The “200
.2004
the of Renderings Progressed-Age Through Behavior Saving creasingIn., “al et Hershfield. E Hal: closely more identify can who people 200

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55:12:17 2022/02/16 40 indd.NOTES - Bloomers Late - Karlgaard Rich

269 • NOTES
Hal; S37–S23): 2011 (48 Research Marketing of Journal,” Self Future
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Temporal Predict Continuity-Self Future of Measures Neural: Self
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.E Hal; 43–30): 2011 (1. no, 1235 Sciences of Academy York New the of
Horizons Short, “Thompson Leigh and, Cohen. R Taya, Hershfield
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;310–298): 2012 (2. no, 117 Processes Decision Human and Behavior
,53 Criminology,” Delinquency Reduces Intervention Vividness dinalLongitu: Self Future My with Friends., “al et Gelder Van Louis-Jean
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.2QsDfUH/
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Jack. abandoned were and failed that businesses Virgin about candid
,2016, 18 January, Virgin,” Fails Virgin Memorable Six, “Preston
.2MsUH8H/ly.bit://http
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RUN LONG THE: BLOOMERS LATE: 9 CHAPTER
the, Weiss Geraldine . . . Like Invest to How: “knows Weiss Geraldine 204
.2017, 18 September, Telegraph,” Dividends Chip Blue of Queen

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273 • NOTES
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EPILOGUE
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אחרית דבר

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